I get this question more than any other. It really depends on the state, school, and let's get honest...the individual teacher as to what your child should know before entering kindergarten. If you are homeschooling in kindergarten, you will have to go by the state standards for your child. For example- In North Carolin follow this link (click the subject, then grade level). Usually, public schools have quarterly goals that are from the standards list.
Below is a wonderful blog entry from Child Up that lists the very basics that would be helpful to do at home with your child. Like I've said before, in my opinion, fine motor skills (cutting, tracing, lacing, coloring, ect) is the main thing that takes lots of practice that can't be mastered in one day of school. Hope this helps! My two cents is in green.
We consulted educators and compiled a list of the top 10 things a child should know before she starts kindergarten.
If a child is behind, it can affect her attitude toward learning, said Melinda Wyssmann, kindergarten teacher at Mark Twain Elementary in Springfield.
"If they can't read or write or do the math like other boys and girls, they start feeling frustrated and not wanting to come to school," Wyssmann said. "It can set a pattern of how they feel towards academics."
The academic rigor in kindergarten has increased, and parents aren't always prepared for it, she said.
So here's what your little one needs to know and how you can help her learn:
1
Know the alphabet. Just because your preschooler knows the alphabet song doesn't mean he knows the alphabet, said Wendy Russell, a kindergarten teacher at Bingham Elementary who has been teaching for 26 years.
Children should know the alphabet without singing it, said Mea Childers, kindergarten teacher at Espy Elementary in Nixa who has been teaching for 15 years.
Children need to understand that the alphabet is made up of letters and that letters make up words. It's just as important that he can grasp that concept as recite the song, said Russell.
What you can do: Talk to them about this concept, and practice the alphabet without singing it.
Students should be able to look at a letter and tell you what letter it is and if it is capital or lower case. If you have time, work on consonant sounds and short and long vowel sounds. I wouldn't worry to much about blends (/sh/, /br/, ect) or other letter combinations yet (/ee/, /ai/, /tion/, ect).
2
Know the difference between uppercase and lowercase letters. On the first day of school, most children write their name in all uppercase letters, said Debbie Hightower, a Wanda Gray teacher who taught kindergarten for four years.
It's important to teach both upper and lowercase, these teachers said.
What you can do: Buy or make your own flashcards with upper and lowercase letters, Wyssmann said. Leap Frog products are great for teaching letters, she said.
As you read to your child, point out the difference between lowercase and uppercase letters, Hightower said.
Magnet letters are GREAT for this early practice as well as any of my letter activities on this site.
3
Counting and number recognition. Your child should be able to count to 10 at a minimum, although 20 is becoming more mainstream.
Thirty is ideal, Russell said.
It's also important that numbers are not an abstract concept. Children should understand the difference between one spoon and three spoons, Wyssmann said.
What you can do: Numbers can be a hard concept for kids, so take every opportunity to count with them, suggested Jennifer Newberry, former kindergarten teacher who now teaches preschool at the Nixa Early Learning Center.
A mother of three, she counts when she cooks, when she reads to the kids, when they look at the stars.
Use objects to demonstrate numbers: one cookie, three spoons, four plates etc., Wyssmann said.
I would take it a step further and say that they need to also write their numbers to 10 and recognize numbers up to 20.
4
Random letter recognition. This means your child actually knows her letters, instead of just memorizing the order of the alphabet, said Karen Evans, Wanda Gray teacher who taught kindergarten for six years.
She may know ABC, but does she know FSQ?
What you can do: Buy alphabet magnets and work with your child to identify letters. This is also good for learning upper- and lowercase, Wyssmann said.
You can also give your child random letters to trace or shape out of modeling dough, Wyssmann said.
5
Pencil grip: If your child learns improper pencil grip, it's hard to unlearn it.
Improper grip affects the neatness of a child's handwriting, Hightower said.
What you can do: Practice and demonstrate it for your child. He should grip the pencil with the pointer finger and thumb, resting on the middle finger, Hightower said.
This one is sooo hard for me. My little guy can't stand writing and he current is doing the fisted (if that is a word) pencil grip. I really don't want him to get used to doing that but I also don't want to frustrate him correcting him over and over. Choose your battles.
6
Social skills: Social skills are almost more important than the academic, said Childers.
The reason: when school starts, the teacher knows she will have children on different academic levels.
"What makes it more difficult is if they are not mature enough, not ready to sit still, can't take care of personal needs. Probably a parent's most important job is to make sure their child is ready to come to school," Childers said.
Russell agrees.
"I always tell parents the academics are very important, but even more important is that they learn good social skills: how to get along, how to make decisions, how to cooperate, take turns. Those are life skills," Russell said.
What you can do: Make sure your child knows she will have to share toys, take turns, line up, take care of bathroom needs, zip her own pants, etc ...
If your son has never seen one, the urinal can be surprising for boys, so parents should talk to sons about this in advance, Newberry said.
Children also need to be able to express their views and listen to other people's views without arguing, Newberry said.
Talk to your child about each of these social skills and practice scenarios in advance.
Standing in line and raising their hand is huge! If they are used to being able to talk and walk freely, this can be very challenging for them at first.
7
Be able to focus: Listen and sit still for at least 15 minutes.
Children do this when they watch television, so it can be done, Hightower said.
What you can do: A good way to teach this is by reading to your child or telling your child stories, Hightower said.
"Reading to them helps them clam down and focus and pay attention," Russell echoed.
Also try making your child sit at the dinner table, Childers said.
8
Responsibility: Children need to be responsible for their belongings, Childers said.
If she has 18 students, she can't help all 18 put on their coats or track their jackets.
What you can do: Make them demonstrate responsibility at home by taking their plate from the dinner table to the sink, Childers said.
Have them do daily tasks, such as putting their toys back, and picking up after themselves, Evans said.
Give them different instructions and have them practice, Evans said.
9
How to use classroom tools. It's surprising how many children haven't used basic tools such as scissors, pencils and paper, said Russell.
Parents sometimes fear their child may cut themselves or color on the wall, but children need to know how to use those tools.
What you can do: "Let them cut things out of magazines and make collages. That develops their fine-motor skills, which in turn helps with handwriting," Russell said.
10
Confidence. Children are more confident when they are familiar with something, teachers echoed.
What you can do: If you haven't already, take your child to his school, let him play on the playground, meet the teacher, walk the halls, Childers said.
Talk to him openly about school and familiarize him with school as soon as possible, Newberry said.
When he has these skills, he will be more ready to learn as an individual and a class.
"Then they will absorb everything I throw at them," Childers said.
Hope this helps. As always, please comment if you have anything to add.
6:21 AM
Miranda
